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	<title>DAP - Blog of Debora Parentes &#124; deboraparentes.com &#187; Tutorials</title>
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	<link>http://blog.deboraparentes.com</link>
	<description>Personal Blog of Debora Parentes. A Graphic Designer who is currently working on her site.</description>
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		<title>Photoshop Tutorial – Face Transform with Type</title>
		<link>http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2010/03/photoshop-tutorial-%e2%80%93-face-transform-with-type/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2010/03/photoshop-tutorial-%e2%80%93-face-transform-with-type/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 25 Mar 2010 12:41:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Debora Parentes</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Photoshop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tutorials]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Typography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[face]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[people]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[PSD]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.deboraparentes.com/?p=678</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In this tutorial, written again by Violet Bag, you are going to learn how to change a normal and basic image of a little kid and transform his face so that it appears to be constructed with text. There are fifteen easy to follow steps to complete this tutorial and should not take you any [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In this tutorial, written again by <strong>Violet Bag</strong>, you are going to learn how to change a normal and basic image of a little kid and transform his face so that it appears to be constructed with text.<br />
There are fifteen easy to follow steps to complete this tutorial and should not take you any longer than 30 minutes to complete.</p>
<p>You can download the source file, including the .PSD file, here:</p>
<div id="downloadsource">
<ul>
<li><a href="http://speckyboy.specky.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/face_type_source_files.7z"><span>Face with Type Source Files</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>And this is the final image you will learn to create:</p>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/15.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 1</h2>
<div id="greybox">First we start by opening this Picture of the face of the kid below (<a href="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/face_type_source_files.7z">source files</a>).</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/00.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step2</h2>
<div id="greybox">We need to firstly resize the image so that it will work better with the parameters being used in this tutorial.<br />
Go to <strong><em>Image &gt; Image Size</em></strong> and apply the following settings:</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/01.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 3</h2>
<div id="greybox">Now that we have our image resized go to the bottom part of the layers panel and add an Adjustment Layer: <strong>Curves</strong>.<br />
Click on the icon that is a half black and half white circle, as you can see below.</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/02.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 4</h2>
<div id="greybox">We now need to merge the Picture and the adjustment layer. Convert the background layer into a normal layer and double click on it and hit OK.<br />
Then select the kid layer and the adjustment layer and press <strong>CTRL + ALT + E</strong>. You will now have your merged layer.</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/03.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 5</h2>
<div id="greybox">Add another layer and fill it with black.</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/04.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 6</h2>
<div id="greybox">Grab the <strong>text tool</strong> and draw a rectangle that covers the entire image, as you can see below:</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/05.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 7</h2>
<div id="greybox">Start typing any text anything you want (this tut used Georgia, 8pt). What you need to do is select the paragraph mode to justified-center. Use the one that is selected in the picture below.</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/06.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 8</h2>
<div id="greybox">Keep on typing until you cover the whole image with text…</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/07.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 9</h2>
<div id="greybox">Now add a layer mask to this type layer. Hit the icon that is on the bottom of the layers palette, the one that is a rectangle with a circle inside.</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/08.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 10</h2>
<div id="greybox">Now you need to click on the little eye that you see beside the layers to make the first two layers invisible. Once you do that you should see the kid’s<br />
face only, select that layer. <strong>Hit CTRL+ A</strong> to select the whole image, and then <strong>CTRL + C</strong> to copy the kid’s face.</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/09.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 11</h2>
<div id="greybox">Now, pay atention here. <strong>ALT + Click</strong> on the layer mask thumbnail.</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/10.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 12</h2>
<div id="greybox">You will now see that your image has turned to white. Now Hit <strong>CTRL + V</strong> (or go to <strong><em>Edit &gt; Paste</em></strong>).<br />
And the face of the kid should be pasted on the mask.</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/11.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 13</h2>
<div id="greybox">What we are seeing now is the mask. If you press <strong>ALT</strong> and click on the <strong>mask layer thumbnail</strong> it will give you the chance to modify the mask, not<br />
the image. You can do it any time and to go back to your image just click on any other layer.</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/12.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 14</h2>
<div id="greybox">Now we need to put all layers visible:</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/13.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 15</h2>
<div id="greybox">You see, now we’re not seeing the mask anymore. As you can see the text has merged with the original image because of the mask.<br />
Here’s what it looks like:</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/14.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 16</h2>
<div id="greybox">To make it a little brighter let’s duplicate the type layer and lower the opacity to 46%:</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/15.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" /></p>
<h2>Step 17 – Finished</h2>
<div id="greybox">This is the final result.<br />
Hope you’ve enjoyed it and if you have any questions let me know. See ya.</div>
<p><img src="http://speckyboy.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/15.jpg" alt="Photoshop Tutorial Face with Type" width="600" height="640" /></p>
<h5>The Author</h5>
<p><strong>Paola</strong> has been the author of todays tutorial, she is also known as <strong>Violet Bag</strong> and you can visit here website, <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/violettuts.wordpress.com');" href="http://violettuts.wordpress.com/">Violetbag.com</a> to view some of her awesome works and some more tutorials.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Designing a T-Shirt Mock Up in Photoshop</title>
		<link>http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2010/02/designing-a-t-shirt-mock-up-in-photoshop/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2010/02/designing-a-t-shirt-mock-up-in-photoshop/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 02 Feb 2010 17:13:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Debora Parentes</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Mockup Templates]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Photoshop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tutorials]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.deboraparentes.com/?p=609</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Use Photoshop to put artwork onto a tee shirt. View video from Layers Magazine . When designing for apparel, presentation of your proofs is very important. A detailed image of a piece simply will not suffice as an adequate proof. You want to hit the design home, and mocking it up on a t-shirt is [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Use Photoshop to put artwork onto a tee shirt. View video from <a href="http://www.layersmagazine.com/designing-a-layers-t-shirt-in-photoshop.html" target="_blank">Layers Magazine</a></p>
<p>.<a href="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/tshirtmockup_psd.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-610" title="tshirtmockup_psd" src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/tshirtmockup_psd.jpg" alt="tshirtmockup_psd" width="600" height="258" /></a></p>
<div>
<p><img src="http://www.gomediazine.com/wp-content/images/2008/07/mockteesyo.jpg" alt="" width="500" /></p>
<p>When designing for apparel, presentation of your proofs is very important. A detailed image of a piece simply will not suffice as an adequate proof. You want to hit the design home, and mocking it up on a t-shirt is what’s going to do the job. Apparel designs are much different than regular print jobs because you can potentially design around every nook and cranny of the garment, this is something you won’t be able to illustrate to your client with some large .jpeg. They hired you for your creative knack, and that’s what you’re going to need to bring to the table.</p>
<p>Now here at Go Media, we’re always mocking up something – many of them tees – and after a while we realized that providing a pack of tees geared towards designers for presentation purposes would be very cool. And we did just that… a <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/gomedia.us');" href="http://gomedia.us/arsenal/morestuff.php">twenty piece pack</a> of tees that comes separated in five colors with four variations of each. Fronts and backs, clipping masks to isolate your artwork onto the appropriate areas, and even a shadow layer to placed conveniently on top to give it that authentic printed look! We took a lot of time and pride out on these to make sure they came out just right, because bringing the best to our clients is a goal we all share as designers.<br />
<img src="http://www.gomediazine.com/wp-content/images/2008/08/appareltemplates-box-big.jpg" alt="Apparel Template Box" /></p>
<p>In this tutorial, I’ll be using a design that I created for Kick Rocks – an up and coming apparel company.</p>
<p><em>Author’s note: This process will also cover how I mocked up the “<a href="http://www.gomediazine.com/tutorials/design-shirt-budget-tight-deadline/">Designing on a Budget</a>” tutorial’s end result (Vomit Whistle) onto a tee – which is the very thing that helped spark the idea to make the pack and this accompanying tutorial (thanks “nobahdi” who asked the initial question of how the shadows were applied to the tee, and everyone else who commented on the tutorial!).</em></p>
<p><img src="http://www.gomediazine.com/wp-content/images/2008/07/kickrocks_design.jpg" alt="" width="500" /></p>
<p>Now we’re going to take our tee from the pack (Blue Front Wrinkled.tiff file) and open it up in Photoshop.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.gomediazine.com/wp-content/images/2008/07/shirtexample.jpg" alt="" width="500" /></p>
<p>Now focus on your layer panel. This is the structure we came up with for these files.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.gomediazine.com/wp-content/images/2008/07/layerlegend1.jpg" alt="" width="500" /></p>
<p>Since the design that we’ll be using is intended for a white shirt, we’ll need to change the shirt layer that’s currently blue, to white. Before hand, I make the background layer a dull grey so we can distinguish the white shirt completely from the background. I then use the following settings using the Hue/Saturation tool to achieve the desired look.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.gomediazine.com/wp-content/images/2008/07/changeshirtcolor.jpg" alt="" width="500" /></p>
<p>Automatically you’ll notice that the shadow layers look way too dark. So we’re going to bump the opacity down to 50%.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.gomediazine.com/wp-content/images/2008/07/shadowopacity.jpg" alt="" width="500" /></p>
<p>Now we import our art. Open the file in Photoshop (and make sure it’s a hi-res export) and place it in the Your Art layer. Dragging it will work, copy and pasting, etcetera, etcetera.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.gomediazine.com/wp-content/images/2008/07/excessnotationz.jpg" alt="" width="500" /></p>
<p>Now we’re going to use the mask layer to make our printable area the only visible spot on the design. Grab the actual mask from the “Mask” layer (not the whole layer), and drag and drop it right onto the “Your Art” layer. You should now have no excess left around your shirt, and all wrinkles, the collar, and overlaps are preserved as if the shirt were truly printed. The best part is that you can still edit and move around your design. Make it bigger – move it off the edge – whatever – it will stay within the bounds of the shirt because of the mask. Check out the following image to get a better idea of what I mean here.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.gomediazine.com/wp-content/images/2008/07/inverted-selection-area.jpg" alt="" width="500" /></p>
<p>Now your mockup is done. If you feel you need more shadow now that the design has been placed in… then bump up the opacity of the shadow layer and you’re good to go.</p>
<p><em>Author’s note: I like to get snazzy so I’ll place some crazy <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.gomedia.us');" href="http://www.gomedia.us/arsenal.textures.php">texture </a>on the background and fidget with it to make look all dark and complimenting to the garment. These additional presentation doo-dads often get the client very excited and way more interested in your work, versus a dull and boring round of proofs. And nobody wants to be stuck re-illustrating 3 to 5 times because of a half-assed proof’s inability to wow the client.</em></p>
<p><img src="http://www.gomediazine.com/wp-content/images/2008/07/finaltee1.jpg" alt="" width="500" /></p>
<p>We’ve also got a quick video of how to set up the layers <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.vimeo.com');" href="http://www.vimeo.com/groups/2981/videos/1491349">on vimeo.</a></p>
<p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and got to learn a little about the functionality of our <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/gomedia.us');" href="http://gomedia.us/arsenal/morestuff.php">new Apparel Template pack</a>. Taking a progressive approach to the mock-up phase of apparel design is something that should be taken very seriously. As always, we provide (and use) the necessary tools to do so. Thanks for reading everybody, take care.</p>
<p>Go Media is a creative agency based in Cleveland, Ohio. We specialize in Brand Development, Website Design, and Illustration. We deliver effective designs with legendary customer service, giving our clients an unparalleled experience.<br />
Hire us for your next creative project.  <a title="see what we can do for you" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.gomedia.us');" href="http://www.gomedia.us/">learn more</a> |  <a title="say hi, get a quote, etc" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.gomedia.us');" href="http://www.gomedia.us/contact/">contact us</a></p>
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<h3>This post was written by:</h3>
<p><span><img src="http://www.gravatar.com/avatar.php?gravatar_id=cb4ab1ddc975fb59ea5c0409944cea2e&amp;default=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gomediazine.com%2Fwp-content%2Fthemes%2Fgomediazine2.0%2Fimages%2Fgravatar.jpg&amp;size=48" alt="" width="48" height="48" /></span></p>
<p><a title="Posts by Dave" href="http://www.gomediazine.com/author/dave/">Dave</a> &#8211; who has written 8 posts on <a href="http://www.gomediazine.com/">GoMediaZine</a>.</p>
<p>Dave is Go Media&#8217;s hell raising wild child. Illustration and petrified whale bone are the two things this guy lives for&#8230; next to barbacoa tacos and fried plantains. When he&#8217;s not gently tapping and stroking the surface of his wacom with his stylus&#8230; he&#8217;s relaxing to some contemporary jazz. More than likely illustrating some vomiting skulls in fitted caps, half-naked zombie women with dookie rope chains, or demon toddlers chugging tequila on their big wheels.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>How to present your portfolio in a Creative (NOT BORING!) way</title>
		<link>http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2010/01/how-to-present-your-portfolio-in-a-creative-not-boring-way/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2010/01/how-to-present-your-portfolio-in-a-creative-not-boring-way/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 Jan 2010 18:36:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Debora Parentes</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Freebies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Inspiration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Photography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Photoshop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Printables]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Templates]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tutorials]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[best work]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[graphic design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mock-up]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[portfolio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2010/01/how-to-present-your-portfolio-in-a-creative-not-boring-way/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Post by Debora Parentes Having your portfolio showing flat versions of your best work can many times become very boring to the person viewing it. Especially if you are looking to impress a new client or employer. A great (and easy) solution is to take photographs of your work. You don&#8217;t need to have a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Post by <a href="http://www.deboraparentes.com/">Debora Parentes</a></p>
<p>Having your portfolio showing flat versions of your best work can many times become very boring to the person viewing it. Especially if you are looking to impress a new client or employer.</p>
<p>A great (and easy) solution is to take photographs of your work. You don&#8217;t need to have a professional camera. You can use any camera (even the iPhone camera does a good job!) and modify your image in Photoshop for that professional look.</p>
<p>If by any chance, your project did not get printed, or was an online version only, I would recommend for your to print it on your home printer and then take a picture of it. It does sound like a lot of work, but trust me, you will be impressed with the final results.</p>
<p>Don&#8217;t want to photograph or print your files? Another great solution is to mock-up your designs in Photoshop. How? Using blank templates. <a href="http://graphicriver.net/">Graphicriver</a> offers a great variety of templates for a very affordable price. You can also find free templates all of the web.</p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_004p5aa0f751.png" height="450" width="600"/></p>
<p>You can also find many PSD templates on this blog free for download. Many of these templates I used on my personal portfolio.</p>
<p><a href="http://emptyeasel.com/2007/01/19/how-to-photograph-your-artwork-for-a-portfolio-or-the-internet/">How to Photograph your Artwork</a></p>
<p>Mock-Up Files Templates</p>
<p><a href="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/category/templates/">DAP Blog Mock-Up Templates</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_010p741e4ce0.png" height="333" width="500"/></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2009/11/huge-collection-of-t-shirt-design-mockup-templates/">DAP T</a> <a href="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2009/11/huge-collection-of-t-shirt-design-mockup-templates/">-Shirts Mockup Templates</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_011n5ea2699b.png" height="400" width="450"/></p>
<p><a href="http://emptees.com/resources/tag/mockup">More T-Shirts PSD Mockup PSD</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_009nc1482b0.png" height="446" width="375"/></p>
<p><a href="http://www.flowgraphic.com/?p=3321">PSD Mock Up usiness Cards</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_006p280f6b61.png" style="WIDTH: 406px; HEIGHT: 299px" height="300" width="618"/></p>
<p><a href="http://nrmb.deviantart.com/art/iMac-PSD-Mockup-131219930">Free iMac PSD Mockup by~nrmb</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_001n2e2e1a89.png" style="WIDTH: 404px; HEIGHT: 229px" height="188" width="300"/></p>
<p><a href="http://www.flowgraphic.com/?p=439">PSD Corporate Identity MockUp</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_007p59b8bbec.png" style="WIDTH: 405px; HEIGHT: 301px" height="209" width="300"/></p>
<p><a href="http://alpha-100.deviantart.com/art/Corp-Identity-114834182">Corporate Idendity Mock includes CD</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_003p6cc431f3.png" style="WIDTH: 422px; HEIGHT: 327px" height="1323" width="1764"/></p>
<p><a href="http://creativerepository.com/2010/01/03/30-handy-blank-templates-for-designers/">iPhone Mockup</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_007n5285c93.png" style="WIDTH: 429px; HEIGHT: 293px" height="319" width="540"/></p>
<p><a href="http://www.teehanlax.com/blog/2009/06/18/iphone-gui-psd-30/">iPhone GUI PSD Mock up</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_002p1c204997.png" style="WIDTH: 412px; HEIGHT: 315px" height="355" width="573"/></p>
<p><a href="http://mrforscreen.deviantart.com/art/Black-Shopping-Bag-129692296">Shopping Back Mockup</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_006n46dcad4c.png" style="WIDTH: 421px; HEIGHT: 305px" height="300" width="500"/></p>
<p><a href="http://kadox.deviantart.com/art/metallic-box-psd-147136771">Mettalic Can Mockup</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_008p1adc7411.png" style="WIDTH: 429px; HEIGHT: 374px" height="405" width="540"/></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.plasticmind.com/design/creating-mockups-in-photoshop/">Website PSD Mock-up</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_003p4dd1fe84.png" style="WIDTH: 405px; HEIGHT: 324px" height="333" width="500"/></p>
<p><a href="http://manicho.deviantart.com/art/DVD-Plastic-Case-PSD-file-86546288">DVD Plastic Case MockUp</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_002n15fc21d5.png" style="WIDTH: 417px; HEIGHT: 392px" height="464" width="570"/><a href="http://manicho.deviantart.com/art/DVD-Case-Art-PSD-file-61443492">DVD Case PSD Mockup</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_005n181e31f0.png" style="WIDTH: 410px; HEIGHT: 641px" height="642" width="549"/></p>
<p><a href="http://alan880.deviantart.com/art/WWE-2007-DVD-Cover-Template-68100969">DVD Cover Template</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_001p20347bd1.png" style="WIDTH: 409px; HEIGHT: 340px" height="232" width="300"/></p>
<p><a href="http://pauljobson.deviantart.com/art/Vector-CD-and-CD-Case-Template-129010264">CD &amp; CD Case Mockup Template</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_008p1cb09a5e.png" style="WIDTH: 409px; HEIGHT: 262px" height="225" width="300"/></p>
<p><a href="http://wildsway18.deviantart.com/art/A-friend-s-helping-hand-psd-64167186">Business Cards Mock Up with Hand</a></p>
<p><img src="http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/zrclip_004p55e141c3.png" style="WIDTH: 406px; HEIGHT: 374px" height="300" width="300"/></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>30 More Essential Pdf Documents Every Designer Should Download</title>
		<link>http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2010/01/30-pdf-documents-every-designer-should-download/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2010/01/30-pdf-documents-every-designer-should-download/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jan 2010 13:43:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Debora Parentes</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Printables]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tutorials]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Design Resources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Documents]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[graphic design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[guides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pdf]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.deboraparentes.com/?p=493</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Free eBooks &#38; Manifestos // < ![CDATA[ digg_url = 'http://digg.com/design/30_More_Essential_PDF_Documents_Every_Designer_Should_Downlo'; // ]]&#62; Get a Design Job! – AIGA &#38; IDSA Taking Your Talent to the Web – Jeffery Zeldman 279 Days to Overnight Success – Chris Guillebeau The Vignelli Cannon – Massimo Vignelli The Bootstrapper’s Bible – Seth Godin Testify: How Remarkable Organizations are Creating Customer Evangelists – Ben McConnell &#38; Jackie Huba The Design Funnel: A Manifesto for Meaningful Design – Stephen Hay A Call to [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h4><object id="sIFR_callback_4" width="481" height="25" data="http://positivespaceblog.com/wp-content/themes/PSV2/din.swf" name="sIFR_callback_4" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"><param name="flashvars" value="content=FREE%2520EBOOKS%2520%2526%2520MANIFESTOS&amp;antialiastype=&amp;width=481&amp;height=17&amp;renderheight=22&amp;fitexactly=false&amp;tunewidth=0&amp;tuneheight=0&amp;offsetleft=&amp;offsettop=&amp;thickness=&amp;sharpness=&amp;kerning=&amp;gridfittype=pixel&amp;flashfilters=&amp;opacity=100&amp;blendmode=&amp;size=17&amp;css=.sIFR-root%257Bfont-weight%253Anormal%253Bcolor%253A%2523000000%253Bleading%253A-4%253B%257D&amp;selectable=true&amp;fixhover=false&amp;preventwrap=false&amp;forcesingleline=false&amp;link=&amp;target=&amp;events=false&amp;cursor=default&amp;version=beta2" /><param name="wmode" value="transparent" /><param name="bgcolor" value="transparent" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="quality" value="best" /></object><span id="sIFR_callback_4_alternate">Free eBooks &amp; Manifestos</span></h4>
<div style="margin: -18px 2px 0pt 0pt; float: right; width: 65px; text-align: right;"><script type="text/javascript">// < ![CDATA[
digg_url = 'http://digg.com/design/30_More_Essential_PDF_Documents_Every_Designer_Should_Downlo';
// ]]&gt;</script><br />
<script src="http://digg.com/tools/diggthis.js" type="text/javascript"></script></div>
<p><a href="http://www.aiga.org/content.cfm/get-a-job">Get a Design Job! – AIGA &amp; IDSA</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.zeldman.com/2009/04/16/taking-your-talent-to-the-web-is-now-a-free-downloadable-book-from-zeldmancom/">Taking Your Talent to the Web – Jeffery Zeldman</a></p>
<p><a href="http://chrisguillebeau.com/3x5/overnight-success/">279 Days to Overnight Success – Chris Guillebeau</a></p>
<p><a href="http://vignelli.com/news.html">The Vignelli Cannon – Massimo Vignelli</a></p>
<p><a href="http://changethis.com/8.BootstrappersBible">The Bootstrapper’s Bible – Seth Godin</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.creatingcustomerevangelists.com/testify/">Testify: How Remarkable Organizations are Creating Customer Evangelists – Ben McConnell &amp; Jackie Huba</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.changethis.com/48.04.DesignFunnel">The Design Funnel: A Manifesto for Meaningful Design – Stephen Hay</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.winwithoutpitching.com/manifesto">A Call to Arms: Twelve Proclamations of a Win Without Pitching Agency</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.winwithoutpitching.com/ten-tests">Ten Tests of Your Positioning</a></p>
<h4><object id="sIFR_callback_5" width="481" height="25" data="http://positivespaceblog.com/wp-content/themes/PSV2/din.swf" name="sIFR_callback_5" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"><param name="flashvars" value="content=PRESENTATIONS&amp;antialiastype=&amp;width=481&amp;height=17&amp;renderheight=22&amp;fitexactly=false&amp;tunewidth=0&amp;tuneheight=0&amp;offsetleft=&amp;offsettop=&amp;thickness=&amp;sharpness=&amp;kerning=&amp;gridfittype=pixel&amp;flashfilters=&amp;opacity=100&amp;blendmode=&amp;size=17&amp;css=.sIFR-root%257Bfont-weight%253Anormal%253Bcolor%253A%2523000000%253Bleading%253A-4%253B%257D&amp;selectable=true&amp;fixhover=false&amp;preventwrap=false&amp;forcesingleline=false&amp;link=&amp;target=&amp;events=false&amp;cursor=default&amp;version=beta2" /><param name="wmode" value="transparent" /><param name="bgcolor" value="transparent" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="quality" value="best" /></object><span id="sIFR_callback_5_alternate">Presentations</span></h4>
<p><a href="http://www.hicksdesign.co.uk/journal/icon-design-explained-quickly">Icon Design – Jon Hicks</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/khoiv/control-annotated">Design Control – Khoi Vinh</a></p>
<p><a href="http://natbat.net/2008/Sep/28/css-systems/#c2708">Writing Maintainable CSS – Natalie Downe</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/garrettdimon/improving-interface-design/">Improving Interface Design – Garrett Dimon</a></p>
<p><a href="http://v4.elliotjaystocks.com/blog/archive/2008/round-up-of-2008-speaking-events/">Close Your Browser: Finding Inspiration In The Offline World &amp; I Care Because You Do – Elliot Jay Stocks</a></p>
<p><a href="http://hicksdesign.co.uk/journal/geek-in-the-park-talk">Pixel Pushing a Guide to Icon Design – Jon Hicks</a></p>
<p><a href="http://ixdftw.com/">Interaction Design for Web Designers – Eris Stassi &amp; Jina Bolton</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.nickfinck.com/blog/entry/wireframes_for_the_wicked_slides/">Wireframes for the Wicked – Nick Finck</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.elliotjaystocks.com/twiist/slides.pdf">The Importance of Beauty in Absolutely Everything – Elliot Jay Stocks</a></p>
<h4><object id="sIFR_callback_6" width="481" height="25" data="http://positivespaceblog.com/wp-content/themes/PSV2/din.swf" name="sIFR_callback_6" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"><param name="flashvars" value="content=RESOURCE%2520SHEETS%2520%2526%2520PDF%2520MAGAZINES&amp;antialiastype=&amp;width=481&amp;height=17&amp;renderheight=22&amp;fitexactly=false&amp;tunewidth=0&amp;tuneheight=0&amp;offsetleft=&amp;offsettop=&amp;thickness=&amp;sharpness=&amp;kerning=&amp;gridfittype=pixel&amp;flashfilters=&amp;opacity=100&amp;blendmode=&amp;size=17&amp;css=.sIFR-root%257Bfont-weight%253Anormal%253Bcolor%253A%2523000000%253Bleading%253A-4%253B%257D&amp;selectable=true&amp;fixhover=false&amp;preventwrap=false&amp;forcesingleline=false&amp;link=&amp;target=&amp;events=false&amp;cursor=default&amp;version=beta2" /><param name="wmode" value="transparent" /><param name="bgcolor" value="transparent" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="quality" value="best" /></object><span id="sIFR_callback_6_alternate">Resource Sheets &amp; PDF Magazines</span></h4>
<p><a href="http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/04/02/typography-keyboard-layout-download-now/">Typography Keyboard Layout – Smashing Magazine</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.fontshop.com/features/fontmag/">Font Magazine</a></p>
<p><a href="http://incompetech.com/graphpaper/">Online Graph Paper Collections (Dot, Cross, Grid, Perspective)</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2007/08/04/pdf-five-smashing-wisdom-treasures/">Copyright Explained: I May Copy It Right? (2nd in list) – Smashing Magazine</a></p>
<h4><object id="sIFR_callback_7" width="481" height="25" data="http://positivespaceblog.com/wp-content/themes/PSV2/din.swf" name="sIFR_callback_7" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"><param name="flashvars" value="content=TUTORIALS%2520%2526%2520BRAND%2520BOOKS&amp;antialiastype=&amp;width=481&amp;height=17&amp;renderheight=22&amp;fitexactly=false&amp;tunewidth=0&amp;tuneheight=0&amp;offsetleft=&amp;offsettop=&amp;thickness=&amp;sharpness=&amp;kerning=&amp;gridfittype=pixel&amp;flashfilters=&amp;opacity=100&amp;blendmode=&amp;size=17&amp;css=.sIFR-root%257Bfont-weight%253Anormal%253Bcolor%253A%2523000000%253Bleading%253A-4%253B%257D&amp;selectable=true&amp;fixhover=false&amp;preventwrap=false&amp;forcesingleline=false&amp;link=&amp;target=&amp;events=false&amp;cursor=default&amp;version=beta2" /><param name="wmode" value="transparent" /><param name="bgcolor" value="transparent" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="quality" value="best" /></object><span id="sIFR_callback_7_alternate">Tutorials &amp; Brand Books</span></h4>
<p><a href="http://www.devlounge.net/extras/how-to-write-a-wordpress-plugin">How to Write a WordPress Plugin – DevLounge</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.madpotato.de/Tutorials">Creative Solutions PDF Tutorials</a></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.dustincurtis.com/the-skype-brand-book">Skype Brand Book</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.illustrationclass.com/?p=116">Illustrator CS4 How-To Guide – Von. R. Glitschka</a></p>
<h4><object id="sIFR_callback_8" width="481" height="25" data="http://positivespaceblog.com/wp-content/themes/PSV2/din.swf" name="sIFR_callback_8" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"><param name="flashvars" value="content=WEB%2520TYPOGRAPHY&amp;antialiastype=&amp;width=481&amp;height=17&amp;renderheight=22&amp;fitexactly=false&amp;tunewidth=0&amp;tuneheight=0&amp;offsetleft=&amp;offsettop=&amp;thickness=&amp;sharpness=&amp;kerning=&amp;gridfittype=pixel&amp;flashfilters=&amp;opacity=100&amp;blendmode=&amp;size=17&amp;css=.sIFR-root%257Bfont-weight%253Anormal%253Bcolor%253A%2523000000%253Bleading%253A-4%253B%257D&amp;selectable=true&amp;fixhover=false&amp;preventwrap=false&amp;forcesingleline=false&amp;link=&amp;target=&amp;events=false&amp;cursor=default&amp;version=beta2" /><param name="wmode" value="transparent" /><param name="bgcolor" value="transparent" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="quality" value="best" /></object><span id="sIFR_callback_8_alternate">Web Typography</span></h4>
<p><a href="http://unitinteractive.com/blog/2008/06/26/better-css-font-stacks/">Better CSS Font Stacks – Nathan Ford</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.christianmontoya.com/2007/03/06/add-windows-vista-fonts-to-your-stylesheets/">Add Windows Vista Fonts to Your Stylesheets – Christian Montoya</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.sxswtypography.com/">SxSW Typography Panel</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.webtypography.net/sxsw2007/">Web Typography Sucks SxSW 2007</a></p>
<p>List Created by <a href="http://www.positivespaceblog.com/archives/30-more-pdf-documents/" target="_blank">positivespaceblog.com</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>30 HTML Best Practices for Beginners</title>
		<link>http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2009/10/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.deboraparentes.com/2009/10/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Oct 2009 19:52:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Debora Parentes</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[CSS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tutorials]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[beggineers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[guides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Web]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[xhtml]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.deboraparentes.com/?p=372</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[1: Always Close Your Tags Back in the day, it wasn&#8217;t uncommon to see things like this: view plaincopy to clipboardprint? &#60;li&#62;Some text here. &#60;li&#62;Some new text here. &#60;li&#62;You get the idea. &#60;li&#62;Some text here. &#60;li&#62;Some new text here. &#60;li&#62;You get the idea. Notice how the wrapping UL/OL tag was omitted. Additionally, many chose to leave off the closing LI tags as well. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignnone" src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/200x200.jpg" alt="" width="200" height="200" /></p>
<h3>1: Always Close Your Tags</h3>
<p>Back in the day, it wasn&#8217;t uncommon to see things like this:</p>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>Some text here. </span></span></li>
<li><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>Some new text here. </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>You get the idea. </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;li&gt;Some text here.
&lt;li&gt;Some new text here.
&lt;li&gt;You get the idea.</pre>
<p>Notice how the wrapping UL/OL tag was omitted. Additionally, many chose to leave off the closing LI tags as well. By today&#8217;s standards, this is simply bad practice and should be 100% avoided. Always, always close your tags. Otherwise, you&#8217;ll encounter validation and glitch issues at every turn.</p>
<h4>Better</h4>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">ul</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>Some text here. </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> <span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>Some new text here. </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>You get the idea. </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">ul</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;ul&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;Some text here. &lt;/li&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;Some new text here. &lt;/li&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;You get the idea. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</pre>
<h3>2: Declare the Correct DocType</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img style="width: 600px;" src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/doctype.png" alt="Declare doctype" /></div>
<p>When I was younger, I participated quite a bit in CSS forums. Whenever a user had an issue, before we would look at their situation, they HAD to perform two things first:</p>
<ol>
<li>Validate the CSS file. Fix any necessary errors.</li>
<li>Add a doctype.</li>
</ol>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;The DOCTYPE goes before the opening html tag at the top of the page and tells the browser whether the page contains HTML, XHTML, or a mix of both, so that it can correctly interpret the markup.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>Most of us choose between four different doctypes when creating new websites.</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>&lt;!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC &#8220;-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN&#8221; &#8220;http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd&#8221;&gt;</strong></li>
<li><strong>&lt;!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC &#8220;-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN&#8221; &#8220;http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd&#8221;&gt;</strong></li>
<li><strong>&lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC &#8220;-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN&#8221; &#8220;http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd&#8221;&gt;</strong></li>
<li><strong>&lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC &#8220;-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN&#8221; &#8220;http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd&#8221;&gt;</strong></li>
</ol>
<p>There&#8217;s a big debate currently going on about the correct choice here. At one point, it was considered to be best practice to use the XHTML Strict version. However, after some research, it was realized that most browsers revert back to regular HTML when interpretting it. For that reason, many have chosen to use HTML 4.01 Strict instead. The bottom line is that any of these will keep you in check. Do some research and make up your own mind.</p>
<h3>3: Never Use Inline Styles</h3>
<p>When you&#8217;re hard at work on your markup, sometimes it can be tempting to take the easy route and sneak in a bit of styling.</p>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">p</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">style</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;color: red;&#8221;</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>I&#8217;m going to make this text red so that it really stands out and makes people take notice! </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;p style="color: red;"&gt;I'm going to make this text red so that it really stands out and makes people take notice! &lt;/p&gt;</pre>
<p>Sure &#8212; it looks harmless enough. However, this points to an error in your coding practices.</p>
<ol><strong>When creating your markup, don&#8217;t even think about the styling yet. You only begin adding styles once the page has been completely coded. </strong></ol>
<blockquote><p>It&#8217;s like crossing the streams in Ghostbusters. It&#8217;s just not a good idea.<br />
<em>-Chris Coyier (in reference to something completely unrelated.)</em></p></blockquote>
<p>Instead, finish your markup, and then reference that P tag from your external stylesheet.</p>
<h4>Better</h4>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-css">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="colors">#someEl</span><span>ement &gt; p { </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="keyword">color</span><span>: </span><span class="string">red</span><span>; </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>} </span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="css" style="display: none;">#someElement &gt; p {
  color: red;
}</pre>
<h3>4: Place all External CSS Files Within the Head Tag</h3>
<p>Technically, you can place stylesheets anywhere you like. However, the HTML specification recommends that they be placed within the document HEAD tag. The primary benefit is that your pages will seemingly load faster.</p>
<blockquote><p>While researching performance at Yahoo!, we discovered that moving stylesheets to the document HEAD makes pages appear to be loading faster. This is because putting stylesheets in the HEAD allows the page to render progressively.<br />
<em>- ySlow Team</em></p></blockquote>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">head</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">title</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>My Favorites Kinds of Corn</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">title</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">link</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">rel</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;stylesheet&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">type</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;text/css&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">media</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;screen&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">href</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;path/to/file.css&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="tag">/&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">link</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">rel</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;stylesheet&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">type</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;text/css&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">media</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;screen&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">href</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;path/to/anotherFile.css&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="tag">/&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">head</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;head&gt;
&lt;title&gt;My Favorites Kinds of Corn&lt;/title&gt;
&lt;link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="path/to/file.css" /&gt;
&lt;link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="path/to/anotherFile.css" /&gt;
&lt;/head&gt;</pre>
<h3>5: Consider Placing Javascript Files at the Bottom</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img style="width: 600px;" src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/javascriptButton.png" alt="Place JS at bottom" /></div>
<p>Remember &#8212; the primary goal is to make the page load as quickly as possible for the user. When loading a script, the browser can&#8217;t continue on until the entire file has been loaded. Thus, the user will have to wait longer before noticing any progress.</p>
<p>If you have JS files whose only purpose is to add functionality &#8212; for example, after a button is clicked &#8212; go ahead and place those files at the bottom, just before the closing body tag. This is absolutely a best practice.</p>
<h4>Better</h4>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>And now you know my favorite kinds of corn. </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">script</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">type</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;text/javascript&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">src</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;path/to/file.js&#8221;</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">script</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">script</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">type</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;text/javascript&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">src</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;path/to/anotherFile.js&#8221;</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">script</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">body</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">html</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;p&gt;And now you know my favorite kinds of corn. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;script type="text/javascript" src="path/to/file.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;script type="text/javascript" src="path/to/anotherFile.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html&gt;</pre>
<h3>6: Never Use Inline Javascript. It&#8217;s not 1996!</h3>
<p>Another common practice years ago was to place JS commands directly within tags. This was very common with simple image galleries. Essentially, a &#8220;onclick&#8221; attribute was appended to the tag. The value would then be equal to some JS procedure. Needless to say, you should never, ever do this. Instead, transfer this code to an external JS file and use &#8220;addEventListener/attachEvent&#8221; to &#8220;listen&#8221; for your desired event. Or, if using a framework like <a href="http://www.jquery.com/">jQuery</a>, just use the &#8220;click&#8221; method.</p>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-c">
<li class="alt"><span><span>$(</span><span class="string">&#8216;a#moreCornInfoLink&#8217;</span><span>).click(</span><span class="keyword">function</span><span>() { </span></span></li>
<li><span> alert(<span class="string">&#8216;Want to learn more about corn?&#8217;</span><span>); </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>}); </span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="js" style="display: none;">$('a#moreCornInfoLink').click(function() {
  alert('Want to learn more about corn?');
});</pre>
<h3>7: Validate Continuously</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/validate.png" alt="validate continuously" /></div>
<p>I recently <a href="http://jeff-way.com/2009/05/13/heres-the-thing-about-validation/">blogged</a> about how the idea of validation has been completely misconstrued by those who don&#8217;t completely understand its purpose. As I mention in the article, <strong>&#8220;validation should work for you, not against.&#8221;</strong></p>
<p>However, especially when first getting started, I highly recommend that you download the <a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/60">Web Developer Toolbar</a> and use the &#8220;Validate HTML&#8221; and &#8220;Validate CSS&#8221; options continuously. While CSS is a somewhat easy to language to learn, it can also make you tear your hair out. As you&#8217;ll find, many times, it&#8217;s your shabby markup that&#8217;s causing that strange whitespace issue on the page. Validate, validate, validate.</p>
<h3>8: Download Firebug</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/firebug.png" alt="download firebug" /></div>
<p>I can&#8217;t recommend this one enough. Firebug is, without doubt, the best plugin you&#8217;ll ever use when creating websites. Not only does it provide incredible Javascript debugging, but you&#8217;ll also learn how to pinpoint which elements are inheriting that extra padding that you were unaware of. <a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/1843">Download it!</a></p>
<h3>9: Use Firebug!</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/useFirebug.png" alt="use firebug" /></div>
<p>From my experiences, many users only take advantage of about 20% of Firebug&#8217;s capabilities. You&#8217;re truly doing yourself a disservice. Take a couple hours and scour the web for every worthy tutorial you can find on the subject.</p>
<h4>Resources</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://michaelsync.net/2007/09/08/firebug-tutorial-overview-of-firebug">Overview of Firebug</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.digitalmediaminute.com/screencast/firebug-js/">Debug Javascript With Firebug &#8211; video tutorial</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>10: Keep Your Tag Names Lowercase</h3>
<p>Technically, you can get away with capitalizing your tag names.</p>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">DIV</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">P</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>Here&#8217;s an interesting fact about corn. </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">P</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">DIV</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;DIV&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Here's an interesting fact about corn. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;/DIV&gt;</pre>
<p>Having said that, please don&#8217;t. It serves no purpose and hurts my eyes &#8212; not to mention the fact that it reminds me of Microsoft Word&#8217;s html function!</p>
<h4>Better</h4>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">div</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>Here&#8217;s an interesting fact about corn. </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">div</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Here's an interesting fact about corn. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</pre>
<h3>11: Use H1 &#8211; H6 Tags</h3>
<p>Admittedly, this is something I tend to slack on. It&#8217;s best practice to use all six of these tags. If I&#8217;m honest, I usually only implement the top four; but I&#8217;m working on it! <img src='http://blog.deboraparentes.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' />  For semantic and SEO reasons, force yourself to replace that P tag with an H6 when appropriate.</p>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">h1</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>This is a really important corn fact! </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">h1</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">h6</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>Small, but still significant corn fact goes here. </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">h6</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;h1&gt;This is a really important corn fact! &lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;h6&gt;Small, but still significant corn fact goes here. &lt;/h6&gt;</pre>
<h3>12: If Building a Blog, Save the H1 for the Article Title</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img style="width: 600px;" src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/h1Title.jpg" alt="h1 saved for title of article." /></div>
<p>Just this morning, on <a href="http://www.twitter.com/nettuts">Twitter</a>, I asked our followers whether they felt it was smartest to place the H1 tag as the logo, or to instead use it as the article&#8217;s title. Around 80% of the returned tweets were in favor of the latter method.</p>
<p>As with anything, determine what&#8217;s best for your own website. However, if building a blog, I&#8217;d recommend that you save your H1 tags for your article title. For SEO purposes, this is a better practice &#8211; in my opinion.</p>
<h3>13: Download ySlow</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><a href="http://developer.yahoo.com/yslow/"> <img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/yslow.png" alt="download yslow" /> </a></div>
<p>Especially in the last few years, the Yahoo team has been doing some really great work in our field. Not too long ago, they released an extension for Firebug called <a href="http://developer.yahoo.com/yslow/">ySlow</a>. When activated, it will analyze the given website and return a &#8220;report card&#8221; of sorts which details the areas where your site needs improvement. It can be a bit harsh, but it&#8217;s all for the greater good. I highly recommend it.</p>
<h3>14: Wrap Navigation with an Unordered List</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/wrapUnorderedList.png" alt="Wrap navigation with unordered lists" /></div>
<p>Each and every website has a navigation section of some sort. While you can definitely get away with formatting it like so:</p>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">div</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">id</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;nav&#8221;</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">href</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;#&#8221;</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>Home </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> <span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">href</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;#&#8221;</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>About </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">href</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;#&#8221;</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>Contact </span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">div</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;"> &lt;div id="nav"&gt;
  &lt;a href="#"&gt;Home &lt;/a&gt;
   &lt;a href="#"&gt;About &lt;/a&gt;
   &lt;a href="#"&gt;Contact &lt;/a&gt;
 &lt;/div&gt;</pre>
<p>I&#8217;d encourage you not to use this method, for semantic reasons. Your job is to write the best possible code that you&#8217;re capable of.</p>
<blockquote><p>Why would we style a list of navigation links with anything other than an unordered LIST?</p></blockquote>
<p>The UL tag is meant to contain a list of items.</p>
<h4>Better</h4>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">ul</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">id</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;nav&#8221;</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">href</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;#&#8221;</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>Home</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> <span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">href</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;#&#8221;</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>About</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">href</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;#&#8221;</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>Contact</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">a</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">li</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">ul</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;ul id="nav"&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="#"&gt;Home&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="#"&gt;About&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="#"&gt;Contact&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</pre>
<h3>15: Learn How to Target IE</h3>
<p>You&#8217;ll undoubtedly find yourself screaming at IE during some point or another. It&#8217;s actually become a bonding experience for the community. When I read on Twitter how one of my buddies is battling the forces of IE, I just smile and think, &#8220;I know how you feel, pal.&#8221;</p>
<p>The first step, once you&#8217;ve completed your primary CSS file, is to create a unique &#8220;ie.css&#8221; file. You can then reference it only for IE by using the following code.</p>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span>&lt;!&#8211;[if lt IE 7]</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">link</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">rel</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;stylesheet&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">type</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;text/css&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">media</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;screen&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">href</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;path/to/ie.css&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="tag">/&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>&lt;![endif]&#8211;<span class="tag">&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;!--[if lt IE 7]&gt;
   &lt;link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="path/to/ie.css" /&gt;
&lt;![endif]--&gt;</pre>
<p>This code says, &#8220;If the user&#8217;s browser is Internet Explorer 6 or lower, import this stylesheet. Otherwise, do nothing.&#8221; If you need to compensate for IE7 as well, simply replace &#8220;lt&#8221; with &#8220;lte&#8221; (less than or equal to).</p>
<h3>16: Choose a Great Code Editor</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/coda.png" alt="choose a great code editor" /></div>
<p>Whether you&#8217;re on Windows or a Mac, there are plenty of fantastic code editors that will work wonderfully for you. Personally, I have a Mac and PC side-by-side that I use throughout my day. As a result, I&#8217;ve developed a pretty good knowledge of what&#8217;s available. Here are my top choices/recommendations in order:</p>
<h4>Mac Lovers</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong><a href="http://www.panic.com/coda">Coda</a></strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="http://macrabbit.com/espresso/">Espresso</a></strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="http://macromates.com/">TextMate</a></strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="http://www.aptana.com/">Aptana</a></strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/dreamweaver/">DreamWeaver CS4</a></strong></li>
</ul>
<h4>PC Lovers</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong><a href="http://intype.info/home/index.php">InType</a></strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="http://www.e-texteditor.com/">E-Text Editor</a></strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="http://notepad-plus.sourceforge.net/uk/site.htm">Notepad++</a></strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="http://www.aptana.com/">Aptana</a></strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/dreamweaver/">Dreamweaver CS4</a></strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>17: Once the Website is Complete, Compress!</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/compress.png" alt="Compress" /></div>
<p>By zipping your CSS and Javascript files, you can reduce the size of each file by a substantial 25% or so. Please don&#8217;t bother doing this while still in development. However, once the site is, more-or-less, complete, utilize a few online compression programs to save yourself some bandwidth.</p>
<h4>Javascript Compression Services</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://javascriptcompressor.com/">Javascript Compressor</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.xmlforasp.net/JSCompressor.aspx">JS Compressor</a></li>
</ul>
<h4>CSS Compression Services</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.cssoptimiser.com/">CSS Optimiser</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cssdrive.com/index.php/main/csscompressor/">CSS Compressor</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cleancss.com/">Clean CSS</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>18: Cut, Cut, Cut</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/scissors.jpg" alt="cut cut cut" /></div>
<p>Looking back on my first website, I must have had a SEVERE case of divitis. <strong>Your natural instinct is to safely wrap each paragraph with a div, and then wrap it with one more div for good measure.</strong> As you&#8217;ll quickly learn, this is highly inefficient.</p>
<blockquote><p>Once you&#8217;ve completed your markup, go over it two more times and find ways to reduce the number of elements on the page. Does that UL really need its own wrapping div? I think not.</p></blockquote>
<p>Just as the key to writing is to &#8220;cut, cut, cut,&#8221; the same holds true for your markup.</p>
<h3>19: All Images Require &#8220;Alt&#8221; Attributes</h3>
<p>It&#8217;s easy to ignore the necessity for alt attributes within image tags. Nevertheless, it&#8217;s very important, for accessibility and validation reasons, that you take an extra moment to fill these sections in.</p>
<h4>Bad</h4>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">IMG</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">SRC</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;cornImage.jpg&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="tag">/&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;IMG SRC="cornImage.jpg" /&gt;</pre>
<h4>Better</h4>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">img</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">src</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;cornImage.jpg&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="attribute">alt</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">&#8220;A corn field I visited.&#8221;</span><span> </span><span class="tag">/&gt;</span><span> </span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;img src="cornImage.jpg" alt="A corn field I visited." /&gt;</pre>
<h3>20: Stay up Late</h3>
<p>I highly doubt that I&#8217;m the only one who, at one point while learning, looked up and realized that I was in a pitch-dark room well into the early, early morning. If you&#8217;ve found yourself in a similar situation, rest assured that you&#8217;ve chosen the right field.</p>
<p>The amazing &#8220;AHHA&#8221; moments, at least for me, always occur late at night. This was the case when I first began to understand exactly what Javascript closures were. It&#8217;s a great feeling that you need to experience, if you haven&#8217;t already.</p>
<h3>21: View Source</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/viewSource.png" alt="view source" /></div>
<p>What better way to learn HTML than to copy your heroes? Initially, we&#8217;re all copiers! Then slowly, you begin to develop your own styles/methods. So visit the websites of those you respect. How did they code this and that section? Learn and copy from them. We all did it, and you should too. (Don&#8217;t steal the design; just learn from the coding style.)</p>
<p>Notice any cool Javascript effects that you&#8217;d like to learn? It&#8217;s likely that he&#8217;s using a plugin to accomplish the effect. View the source and search the HEAD tag for the name of the script. Then Google it and implement it into your own site! Yay.</p>
<h3>22: Style ALL Elements</h3>
<p>This best practice is especially true when designing for clients. Just because you haven&#8217;t use a blockquote doesn&#8217;t mean that the client won&#8217;t. Never use ordered lists? That doesn&#8217;t mean he won&#8217;t! Do yourself a service and create a special page specifically to show off the styling of every element: ul, ol, p, h1-h6, blockquotes, etc.</p>
<h3>23: Use Twitter</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/twitter.gif" alt="Use Twitter" /></div>
<p>Lately, I can&#8217;t turn on the TV without hearing a reference to Twitter; it&#8217;s really become rather obnoxious. I don&#8217;t have a desire to listen to Larry King advertise his Twitter account &#8211; which we all know he doesn&#8217;t manually update. Yay for assistants! Also, how many moms signed up for accounts after Oprah&#8217;s approval? <strong>We can only long for the day when it was just a few of us who were aware of the service and its &#8220;water cooler&#8221; potential. </strong></p>
<p>Initially, the idea behind Twitter was to post &#8220;what you were doing.&#8221; Though this still holds true to a small extent, it&#8217;s become much more of a networking tool in our industry. If a web dev writer that I admire posts a link to an article he found interesting, you better believe that I&#8217;m going to check it out as well &#8211; and you should too! This is the reason why sites like Digg are quickly becoming more and more nervous.</p>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/twitterSnippet.png" alt="Twitter Snippet" /></div>
<p>If you just signed up, don&#8217;t forget to follow us: <a href="http://twitter.com/nettuts">NETTUTS</a>.</p>
<h3>24: Learn Photoshop</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/photoshop.png" alt="Learn Photoshop" /></div>
<p>A recent commenter on Nettuts+ attacked us for posting a few recommendations from Psdtuts+. He argued that Photoshop tutorials have no business on a web development blog. I&#8217;m not sure about him, but Photoshop is open pretty much 24/7 on my computer.</p>
<p>In fact, Photoshop may very well become the more important tool you have. Once you&#8217;ve learned HTML and CSS, I would personally recommend that you then learn as many Photoshop techniques as possible.</p>
<ol>
<li>Visit the <a href="http://psd.tutsplus.com/category/videos/">Videos section</a> at Psdtuts+</li>
<li>Fork over $25 to sign up for a one-month membership to <a href="http://www.lynda.com/">Lynda.com</a>. Watch every video you can find.</li>
<li>Enjoy the &#8220;<a href="http://www.mydamnchannel.com/You_Suck_at_Photoshop/Season_1/1DistortWarpandLayerEffects_1373.aspx">You Suck at Photoshop</a>&#8221; series.</li>
<li>Take a few hours to memorize as many PS keyboard shortcuts as you can.</li>
</ol>
<h3>25: Learn Each HTML Tag</h3>
<p>There are literally dozens of HTML tags that you won&#8217;t come across every day. Nevertheless, that doesn&#8217;t mean you shouldn&#8217;t learn them! Are you familiar with the &#8220;abbr&#8221; tag? What about &#8220;cite&#8221;? These two alone deserve a spot in your tool-chest. Learn all of them!</p>
<p>By the way, in case you&#8217;re unfamiliar with the two listed above:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>abbr</strong> does pretty much what you&#8217;d expect. It refers to an abbreviation. &#8220;Blvd&#8221; could be wrapped in a &lt;abbr&gt; tag because it&#8217;s an abbreviation for &#8220;boulevard&#8221;.</li>
<li><strong>cite</strong> is used to reference the title of some work. For example, if you reference this article on your own blog, you could put &#8220;30 HTML Best Practices for Beginners&#8221; within a &lt;cite&gt; tag. Note that it shouldn&#8217;t be used to reference the author of a quote. This is a common misconception.</li>
</ul>
<h3>26: Participate in the Community</h3>
<p>Just as sites like ours contributes greatly to further a web developer&#8217;s knowledge, you should too! Finally figured out how to float your elements correctly? Make a blog posting to teach others how. There will always be those with less experience than you. Not only will you be contributing to the community, but you&#8217;ll also teach yourself. Ever notice how you don&#8217;t truly understand something until you&#8217;re forced to teach it?</p>
<h3>27: Use a CSS Reset</h3>
<p>This is another area that&#8217;s been debated to death. CSS resets: to use or not to use; that is the question. If I were to offer my own personal advice, I&#8217;d 100% recommend that you create your own reset file. Begin by downloading a popular one, like <a href="http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/index.html">Eric Meyer&#8217;s</a>, and then slowly, as you learn more, begin to modify it into your own. If you don&#8217;t do this, you won&#8217;t truly understand why your list items are receiving that extra bit of padding when you didn&#8217;t specify it anywhere in your CSS file. Save yourself the anger and reset everything! This one should get you started.</p>
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools"><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('ViewSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">view plain</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('CopyToClipboard',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">copy to clipboard</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('PrintSource',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">print</a><a onclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.Command('About',this);return false;" href="http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/30-html-best-practices-for-beginners/#">?</a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-css">
<li class="alt"><span><span>html, body, div, span, </span></span></li>
<li><span>h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, <span class="string">pre</span><span>, </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, <span class="string">code</span><span>, </span></span></li>
<li><span>img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span><span class="string">small</span><span>, strike, strong, </span></span></li>
<li><span>dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li, </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>fieldset, form, label, legend, </span></li>
<li><span>table, <span class="string">caption</span><span>, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td { </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> <span class="keyword">margin</span><span>: 0; </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="keyword">padding</span><span>: 0; </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> <span class="keyword">border</span><span>: 0; </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="keyword">outline</span><span>: 0; </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> <span class="keyword">font-size</span><span>: 100%; </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="keyword">vertical-align</span><span>: </span><span class="keyword">baseline</span><span class="string">baseline</span><span>; </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> <span class="keyword">background</span><span>: </span><span class="string">transparent</span><span>; </span></span></li>
<li><span>} </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>body { </span></li>
<li><span> <span class="keyword">line-height</span><span>: 1; </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>} </span></li>
<li><span>ol, ul { </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> <span class="keyword">list-style</span><span>: </span><span class="string">none</span><span>; </span></span></li>
<li><span>} </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>blockquote, q { </span></li>
<li><span> <span class="keyword">quotes</span><span>: </span><span class="string">none</span><span>; </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>} </span></li>
<li><span>blockquote:before, blockquote:after, </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>q:before, q:after { </span></li>
<li><span> <span class="keyword">content</span><span>: </span><span class="string">&#8221;</span><span>; </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> <span class="keyword">content</span><span>: </span><span class="string">none</span><span>; </span></span></li>
<li><span>} </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> </span></li>
<li><span>table { </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> <span class="keyword">border-collapse</span><span>: </span><span class="string">collapse</span><span>; </span></span></li>
<li><span> <span class="keyword">border-spacing</span><span>: 0; </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>} </span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<pre class="css" style="display: none;">html, body, div, span,
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre,
a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code,
img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp,
small, strike, strong,
dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li,
fieldset, form, label, legend,
table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td {
	margin: 0;
	padding: 0;
	border: 0;
	outline: 0;
	font-size: 100%;
	vertical-align: baseline;
	background: transparent;
}
body {
	line-height: 1;
}
ol, ul {
	list-style: none;
}
blockquote, q {
	quotes: none;
}
blockquote:before, blockquote:after,
q:before, q:after {
	content: '';
	content: none;
}

table {
	border-collapse: collapse;
	border-spacing: 0;
}</pre>
<h3>28: Line &#8216;em Up!</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><a href="http://www.thenetsetter.com/"> <img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/327_30Musts/netSetter.png" alt="Line em up" /> </a></div>
<p>Generally speaking, you should strive to line up your elements as best as possible. Take a look at you favorite designs. Did you notice how each heading, icon, paragraph, and logo lines up with something else on the page? Not doing this is one of the biggest signs of a beginner. Think of it this way: If I ask why you placed an element in that spot, you should be able to give me an exact reason.</p>
<h3>29: Slice a PSD</h3>
<div class="tutorial_image"><img src="http://nettuts.s3.amazonaws.com/173_slicePsd/htmlWithNotes.jpg" alt="Slice a PSD" /></div>
<p>Okay, so you&#8217;ve gained a solid grasp of HTML, CSS, and Photoshop. The next step is to convert your first PSD into a working website. Don&#8217;t worry; it&#8217;s not as tough as you might think. I can&#8217;t think of a better way to put your skills to the test. If you need assistance, review these in depth video tutorials that show you exactly how to get the job done.</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://net.tutsplus.com/videos/screencasts/slice-and-dice-that-psd/">Slice and Dice that PSD</a></li>
<li><a href="http://net.tutsplus.com/videos/screencasts/converting-a-design-from-psd-to-html/">From PSD to HTML/CSS</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>30: Don&#8217;t Use a Framework&#8230;Yet</h3>
<p>Frameworks, whether they be for Javascript or CSS are fantastic; but please don&#8217;t use them when first getting started. Though it could be argued that jQuery and Javascript can be learned simultaneously, the same can&#8217;t be made for CSS. I&#8217;ve personally promoted the <a href="http://net.tutsplus.com/videos/screencasts/a-detailed-look-at-the-960-css-framework/">960 CSS Framework</a>, and use it often. Having said that, if you&#8217;re still in the process of learning CSS &#8212; meaning the first year &#8212; you&#8217;ll only make yourself more confused if you use one.</p>
<p>CSS frameworks are for experienced developers who want to save themselves a bit of time. They&#8217;re not for beginners.</p>
<div class="author_text">
<h4>Author: <a title="Visit Jeffrey Way’s website" rel="external" href="http://www.jeffrey-way.com/">Jeffrey Way</a></h4>
</div>
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